THE STRUGGLE OF THE KASHMIRI PEOPLE FOR THE RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF THE AZAD
KASHMIR GOVERNMENT
By:Younus Taryaby
With the forced occupation of Kashmir, the Azad Kashmir Movement was
suppressed and submerged under the powerful occupations and the cultural
industries of Bharat and Pakistan . Azad Kashmir Army was disbanded. Patriotic,
democrat and revolutionary Kashmiris were marginalised, and Kashmir was
dismembered. The processes for the Bharatinisation of Kashmiris in Bharati
Occupied Kashmir and Pakistanisation of Kashmiris in Pakistani Occupied Kashmir
have begun on the basis of fraud, aggression and lies. These were immediate
destructive consequences of overthrowing of the Provisional Republican
Government of Kashmir on 24th October 1947 and the division of Kashmir on 1st
January 1949, and they continue to increase.
After the overthrow of the legal, constitutional and representative
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir under the guns of tribesmen
invaders and the Pakistani occupation of Azad Kashmir, the only logical and
correct course to take for the people of Pakistani Occupied Kashmir was to
struggle for the re-establishment of the Provisional Government of Kashmir on
the bases of declaration made on 4th October 1947. The Kashmiri patriotics, on
the contrary, followed blindly the line of annexationists and raised the slogans
for the liberation of Bharati Occupied Kashmir. These slogans had a purpose of
leading Kashmiris into astray and abstract, far away from ground and historical
realties.
The Kashmiri patriotics failed to highlight the political programme for the
national independence and sovereignty of Kashmir that was established by the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir on 4th October 1947. They also
failed to identify the heinous plot and its hideous aims embedded in
overthrowing of Azad Kashmir Government on 24th October 1947. They additionally
failed to analyse the impossibility of liberating Bharati Occupied Kashmir when
living under a government whose status had been reduced from a legal,
constitutional, and independent government of Kashmir to a puppet local
municipal committee. These failures on the behalf of patriotic Kashmiris,
probably, can also be categorised as unintended destructive consequences
resulting from overthrow of the Provisional Republican Government and the course
of struggle that was changed from independence and sovereignty of Kashmir to
annexation of Kashmir by Pakistani rulers in the name of accession.
Historically, it was the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ who
observed the 4th October as the ‘Azad Republic Day of Kashmir’ first time in
the history of Pakistani Occupied Kashmir in 1983. The Kashmiri Workers
Association argued for the need of a struggle to re-establish the Azad Kashmir
Government, which was set up on 4th October 1947 and to re-organise the Kashmir
People’s Liberation Army under the leadership of the re-established Azad
Kashmir Government.
It had taken a long time for the Kashmiri Workers Association to come out
with such a correct political path and solution to pragmatic problems that had
confused some of its members since 1971. In 1971, an organisation called United
Kashmir Liberation Front (UKLF) was set up by the British-Kashmiris in Britain
with an intention to launch an anti-imperialist and revolutionary struggle for a
free, united and independent Kashmir . This organisation also directed its
struggle for the liberation of Bharati Occupied Kashmir and the armed struggle
was seen as the only way to challenge the Bharati occupation, whereas, its all
members hailed from Pakistani Occupied Southern Kashmir.
Shortly before the formation of the UKLF, a Bharati Airline called Ganga was
highjacked from Bharat to Pakistan by the Jammu Kashmir National Liberation
Front (JKNLF) headed by Mohammed Maqbool Ahmed Butt Shaheed. The JKNLF was given
a warm reception in Pakistan , but after a short period of time, Maqbool Butt
Shaheed and hundreds of members of his National Liberation Front and the members
of the Plebiscite Front were arrested. They were labelled as ‘Bharati
agents’ and ‘traitors’ and were subjected to savage and barbarous torture
in Pakistan and Pakistani Occupied Southern Kashmir for a "crime" of supporting
independent Kashmir . Maqbool Butt Shaheed, who was later murdered by the
Bharati Government in 1984, and his comrades were tried as Bharati agents and
traitors in Pakistan .
The United Kashmir Liberation Front in Britain launched a vigorous campaign
for the release of Maqbool Butt Shaheed and his comrades. As a result, the
freedom of Maqbool Butt Shaheed and his many comrades was secured from the
Pakistani prisons. Due to this episode, some members of the UKLF, who later
helped to form the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘Britain’ in 1975, posed a
question and carried this question into the Kashmiri Workers Association. How
can guerrilla warfare be launched from ‘Azad Kashmir’ to liberate Bharati
Occupied Kashmir?
Dr Abdul Basit offered a fairly convincing answer to this question. In his
book titled Kashmir ki Jange Azadi, Dr Basit argued that the guerrilla warfare
against Bharati occupation can only be launched when "Azad Kashmir" is built
into preparation camp for the war of liberation and the withdrawal of Pakistani
army from "Azad Kashmir" is completed. In order to achieve this goal, Dr Basit
directed the struggle for the first phase by saying “Azad Kashmir ko jang e
azadi ki tiahri ka markaz banao†(build Azad Kashmir into the preparation camp
for the war of liberation). Although the United Kashmir Liberation Front pursued
this line and demanded for the withdrawal of the Pakistani army from ‘Azad
Kashmir’, the ideological baffling of building ‘Azad Kashmir’ into the
preparation camp for the war of an independent Kashmir remained unresolved for
many years to come. They believed that ‘Azad Kashmir’ was a camp for
Kashmir’s accession with Pakistan , because the Pakistani rulers and their
Kashmiri puppets had been presenting ‘Azad Kashmir’ in this way.
By working hard and digging the suppressed history of Kashmir, the Kashmiri
Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ resolved this complication in 1983 and
attempted to draw a distinction between Azad Kashmir and Pakistani Occupied
Kashmir. The Kashmiri Workers Association ‘Britian’ argued that there is no
Azad Kashmir without an Azad Kashmir Movement. Accordingly, the Kashmiri Workers
Association organised a meeting on 4th October 1983 in Birmingham and observed
the Azad Republic Day of Kashmir. The leaders of the Kashmiri Workers
Association held that without the re-establishment of the Provisional Republican
Government of Kashmir, ‘Azad Kashmir jang e azadi ki tiahri ka markaz nahin
ban sakta’ (Azad Kashmir cannot be built into the preparation camp for the war
of liberation).
It is not clear, whether it was a result of Kashmiri Workers Association’s
policy influence or an act of opportunism on the behalf of some leaders of the
Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), who took the Kashmiri Workers
Association’s political direction right into the centre of the JKLF. The JKLF
adopted this policy constitutionally and observed 4th October as the Azad
Republic Day of Kashmir in 1984. Ammanullah Khan, the head of the JKLF, wrote an
article highlighting the programme of independent Kashmir declared by the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir on 4th October 1947. It was
published in the Daily Watan of 5th October 1984.
In addition, the JKLF organised a public meeting on 4th October 1984 in St.
Saviour Church Hall, St. Saviour Road , Birmingham , and celebrated 4th October
as Kashmir ’s Azad Republic Day. With the support and co-ordination of the
Kashmiri Workers Association, the JKLF meeting was addressed by the leaders of
the Bharati Mazdoor Sabha, Pakistani Workers Association, Irish Republican
Socialist Party, and All African People’s Revolutionary Party. All the
speakers showed their solidarity with the Kashmiri people and they supported the
national resistance of the Kashmiri people in Bharati Occupied Kashmir against
the Bharati occupation. They also supported the struggle of the Kashmiri people
in Pakistani Occupied Kashmir for the re-establishment of their Azad Kashmir
Government.
For the disappointment to all patriotic Kashmiris and their supporters, the
leadership of the JKLF betrayed both the cause of national liberation and the
struggle for the re-establishment of the Provisional Republican Government of
Kashmir by becoming a tool in the hands of the Pakistani rulers in late 1980s.
Unlike previous nationalist leaders and organisations, the leadership of the
JKLF, this time intentionally and conscientiously changed the course of struggle
from re-establishment of the Provisional Republic Government of Kashmir in
Pakistani Occupied Kashmir to armed resistance against the Bharati occupation
with the help of the Pakistani military bureaucracy.
However, in early 1990s the Jammu Kashmir People’s National Party (JKPNP)
appeared to be as a genuine political alternative to JKLF in Pakistani Occupied
Southern Kashmir. The JKPNP refused vehemently to play in the hands of the
Pakistani rulers. It stood clearly for the re-establishment of the Provisional
Republican Government of Kashmir and for the re-organisation of the Kashmir Army
as a first essential phase of the struggle to be achieved towards the liberation
of Bharati Occupied Kashmir. The JKPNP also exposed the JKLF’s stage-managed
drama of trampling and destroying the Line of Military Occupation. The JKPNP
criticised JKLF for sending unarmed civilians in front of entrenched occupying
armies. This position taken by the JKPNP meant that it set itself into train
towards trampling and destroying the Line of Military Occupation through armed
struggle. The Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ not only supported
this position but its members also joined the JKPNP (British Branch) to make
contribution in the advancement of this struggle.
Again for the disappointment to all patriotic and revolutionary Kashmiris,
Sardar Shawkat Ali Kashmiri, the, then, Secretary General of JKPNP was found
guilty of receiving money from a foreign power and he was expelled from the
party (see The News International: 24 June 1992). It is believed that he
intended to change the course of struggle from the re-establishment of the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir to armed resistance against the
Pakistani occupation with the help of the Bharati agencies. Probably, he
intended to follow the deceitful model set by the leadership of the JKLF.
Although, the JKPNP suffered a setback in its short-term struggle, this
provided the basis for building trust and credibility in its long-term struggle.
However, not after long, a rift between the President and the Senior Vice
President caused by their so-called secret differences resulted in falling apart
of the JKPNP in 1996. Consequently, the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain
’ withdrew its support for JKPNP.
Currently, most nationalist organisations in Pakistani Occupied Southern
Kashmir recognise the importance of the Provisional Republican Government of
Kashmir, which was set up on 4th October 1947. Notwithstanding, they lack a
historical touch with Azad Kashmir Movement and a revolutionary spirit. Perhaps,
they have either no knowledge of the Azad Kashmir Movement or they are seeking a
place for themselves in the New World Order, the global-colonialism headed by
the US imperialism. As a result, the people of each occupied part of Kashmir are
still facing an up-hill struggle to re-establish their legal, constitutional and
representative Azad Kashmir Government.
KASHMIR GOVERNMENT
By:Younus Taryaby
With the forced occupation of Kashmir, the Azad Kashmir Movement was
suppressed and submerged under the powerful occupations and the cultural
industries of Bharat and Pakistan . Azad Kashmir Army was disbanded. Patriotic,
democrat and revolutionary Kashmiris were marginalised, and Kashmir was
dismembered. The processes for the Bharatinisation of Kashmiris in Bharati
Occupied Kashmir and Pakistanisation of Kashmiris in Pakistani Occupied Kashmir
have begun on the basis of fraud, aggression and lies. These were immediate
destructive consequences of overthrowing of the Provisional Republican
Government of Kashmir on 24th October 1947 and the division of Kashmir on 1st
January 1949, and they continue to increase.
After the overthrow of the legal, constitutional and representative
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir under the guns of tribesmen
invaders and the Pakistani occupation of Azad Kashmir, the only logical and
correct course to take for the people of Pakistani Occupied Kashmir was to
struggle for the re-establishment of the Provisional Government of Kashmir on
the bases of declaration made on 4th October 1947. The Kashmiri patriotics, on
the contrary, followed blindly the line of annexationists and raised the slogans
for the liberation of Bharati Occupied Kashmir. These slogans had a purpose of
leading Kashmiris into astray and abstract, far away from ground and historical
realties.
The Kashmiri patriotics failed to highlight the political programme for the
national independence and sovereignty of Kashmir that was established by the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir on 4th October 1947. They also
failed to identify the heinous plot and its hideous aims embedded in
overthrowing of Azad Kashmir Government on 24th October 1947. They additionally
failed to analyse the impossibility of liberating Bharati Occupied Kashmir when
living under a government whose status had been reduced from a legal,
constitutional, and independent government of Kashmir to a puppet local
municipal committee. These failures on the behalf of patriotic Kashmiris,
probably, can also be categorised as unintended destructive consequences
resulting from overthrow of the Provisional Republican Government and the course
of struggle that was changed from independence and sovereignty of Kashmir to
annexation of Kashmir by Pakistani rulers in the name of accession.
Historically, it was the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ who
observed the 4th October as the ‘Azad Republic Day of Kashmir’ first time in
the history of Pakistani Occupied Kashmir in 1983. The Kashmiri Workers
Association argued for the need of a struggle to re-establish the Azad Kashmir
Government, which was set up on 4th October 1947 and to re-organise the Kashmir
People’s Liberation Army under the leadership of the re-established Azad
Kashmir Government.
It had taken a long time for the Kashmiri Workers Association to come out
with such a correct political path and solution to pragmatic problems that had
confused some of its members since 1971. In 1971, an organisation called United
Kashmir Liberation Front (UKLF) was set up by the British-Kashmiris in Britain
with an intention to launch an anti-imperialist and revolutionary struggle for a
free, united and independent Kashmir . This organisation also directed its
struggle for the liberation of Bharati Occupied Kashmir and the armed struggle
was seen as the only way to challenge the Bharati occupation, whereas, its all
members hailed from Pakistani Occupied Southern Kashmir.
Shortly before the formation of the UKLF, a Bharati Airline called Ganga was
highjacked from Bharat to Pakistan by the Jammu Kashmir National Liberation
Front (JKNLF) headed by Mohammed Maqbool Ahmed Butt Shaheed. The JKNLF was given
a warm reception in Pakistan , but after a short period of time, Maqbool Butt
Shaheed and hundreds of members of his National Liberation Front and the members
of the Plebiscite Front were arrested. They were labelled as ‘Bharati
agents’ and ‘traitors’ and were subjected to savage and barbarous torture
in Pakistan and Pakistani Occupied Southern Kashmir for a "crime" of supporting
independent Kashmir . Maqbool Butt Shaheed, who was later murdered by the
Bharati Government in 1984, and his comrades were tried as Bharati agents and
traitors in Pakistan .
The United Kashmir Liberation Front in Britain launched a vigorous campaign
for the release of Maqbool Butt Shaheed and his comrades. As a result, the
freedom of Maqbool Butt Shaheed and his many comrades was secured from the
Pakistani prisons. Due to this episode, some members of the UKLF, who later
helped to form the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘Britain’ in 1975, posed a
question and carried this question into the Kashmiri Workers Association. How
can guerrilla warfare be launched from ‘Azad Kashmir’ to liberate Bharati
Occupied Kashmir?
Dr Abdul Basit offered a fairly convincing answer to this question. In his
book titled Kashmir ki Jange Azadi, Dr Basit argued that the guerrilla warfare
against Bharati occupation can only be launched when "Azad Kashmir" is built
into preparation camp for the war of liberation and the withdrawal of Pakistani
army from "Azad Kashmir" is completed. In order to achieve this goal, Dr Basit
directed the struggle for the first phase by saying “Azad Kashmir ko jang e
azadi ki tiahri ka markaz banao†(build Azad Kashmir into the preparation camp
for the war of liberation). Although the United Kashmir Liberation Front pursued
this line and demanded for the withdrawal of the Pakistani army from ‘Azad
Kashmir’, the ideological baffling of building ‘Azad Kashmir’ into the
preparation camp for the war of an independent Kashmir remained unresolved for
many years to come. They believed that ‘Azad Kashmir’ was a camp for
Kashmir’s accession with Pakistan , because the Pakistani rulers and their
Kashmiri puppets had been presenting ‘Azad Kashmir’ in this way.
By working hard and digging the suppressed history of Kashmir, the Kashmiri
Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ resolved this complication in 1983 and
attempted to draw a distinction between Azad Kashmir and Pakistani Occupied
Kashmir. The Kashmiri Workers Association ‘Britian’ argued that there is no
Azad Kashmir without an Azad Kashmir Movement. Accordingly, the Kashmiri Workers
Association organised a meeting on 4th October 1983 in Birmingham and observed
the Azad Republic Day of Kashmir. The leaders of the Kashmiri Workers
Association held that without the re-establishment of the Provisional Republican
Government of Kashmir, ‘Azad Kashmir jang e azadi ki tiahri ka markaz nahin
ban sakta’ (Azad Kashmir cannot be built into the preparation camp for the war
of liberation).
It is not clear, whether it was a result of Kashmiri Workers Association’s
policy influence or an act of opportunism on the behalf of some leaders of the
Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), who took the Kashmiri Workers
Association’s political direction right into the centre of the JKLF. The JKLF
adopted this policy constitutionally and observed 4th October as the Azad
Republic Day of Kashmir in 1984. Ammanullah Khan, the head of the JKLF, wrote an
article highlighting the programme of independent Kashmir declared by the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir on 4th October 1947. It was
published in the Daily Watan of 5th October 1984.
In addition, the JKLF organised a public meeting on 4th October 1984 in St.
Saviour Church Hall, St. Saviour Road , Birmingham , and celebrated 4th October
as Kashmir ’s Azad Republic Day. With the support and co-ordination of the
Kashmiri Workers Association, the JKLF meeting was addressed by the leaders of
the Bharati Mazdoor Sabha, Pakistani Workers Association, Irish Republican
Socialist Party, and All African People’s Revolutionary Party. All the
speakers showed their solidarity with the Kashmiri people and they supported the
national resistance of the Kashmiri people in Bharati Occupied Kashmir against
the Bharati occupation. They also supported the struggle of the Kashmiri people
in Pakistani Occupied Kashmir for the re-establishment of their Azad Kashmir
Government.
For the disappointment to all patriotic Kashmiris and their supporters, the
leadership of the JKLF betrayed both the cause of national liberation and the
struggle for the re-establishment of the Provisional Republican Government of
Kashmir by becoming a tool in the hands of the Pakistani rulers in late 1980s.
Unlike previous nationalist leaders and organisations, the leadership of the
JKLF, this time intentionally and conscientiously changed the course of struggle
from re-establishment of the Provisional Republic Government of Kashmir in
Pakistani Occupied Kashmir to armed resistance against the Bharati occupation
with the help of the Pakistani military bureaucracy.
However, in early 1990s the Jammu Kashmir People’s National Party (JKPNP)
appeared to be as a genuine political alternative to JKLF in Pakistani Occupied
Southern Kashmir. The JKPNP refused vehemently to play in the hands of the
Pakistani rulers. It stood clearly for the re-establishment of the Provisional
Republican Government of Kashmir and for the re-organisation of the Kashmir Army
as a first essential phase of the struggle to be achieved towards the liberation
of Bharati Occupied Kashmir. The JKPNP also exposed the JKLF’s stage-managed
drama of trampling and destroying the Line of Military Occupation. The JKPNP
criticised JKLF for sending unarmed civilians in front of entrenched occupying
armies. This position taken by the JKPNP meant that it set itself into train
towards trampling and destroying the Line of Military Occupation through armed
struggle. The Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain ’ not only supported
this position but its members also joined the JKPNP (British Branch) to make
contribution in the advancement of this struggle.
Again for the disappointment to all patriotic and revolutionary Kashmiris,
Sardar Shawkat Ali Kashmiri, the, then, Secretary General of JKPNP was found
guilty of receiving money from a foreign power and he was expelled from the
party (see The News International: 24 June 1992). It is believed that he
intended to change the course of struggle from the re-establishment of the
Provisional Republican Government of Kashmir to armed resistance against the
Pakistani occupation with the help of the Bharati agencies. Probably, he
intended to follow the deceitful model set by the leadership of the JKLF.
Although, the JKPNP suffered a setback in its short-term struggle, this
provided the basis for building trust and credibility in its long-term struggle.
However, not after long, a rift between the President and the Senior Vice
President caused by their so-called secret differences resulted in falling apart
of the JKPNP in 1996. Consequently, the Kashmiri Workers Association ‘ Britain
’ withdrew its support for JKPNP.
Currently, most nationalist organisations in Pakistani Occupied Southern
Kashmir recognise the importance of the Provisional Republican Government of
Kashmir, which was set up on 4th October 1947. Notwithstanding, they lack a
historical touch with Azad Kashmir Movement and a revolutionary spirit. Perhaps,
they have either no knowledge of the Azad Kashmir Movement or they are seeking a
place for themselves in the New World Order, the global-colonialism headed by
the US imperialism. As a result, the people of each occupied part of Kashmir are
still facing an up-hill struggle to re-establish their legal, constitutional and
representative Azad Kashmir Government.
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